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What size cable for electric car charger to use?
To optimize the efficiency and safety of charging your electric car, it is essential to select the correct cable size for your charging station. While a charging cable may be provided by the dealer when purchasing your car, it may not be suitable for all charging options, such as slow or fast charging, at either home or public stations. Furthermore, careful consideration when choosing a cable that can connect your charging station to your electricity meter is crucial.
Choosing the right cables for charging your car
For optimal results, we suggest seeking the assistance of a certified specialist. You may utilize our extensive network of professional installers or seek guidance from a qualified technician for expert advice. Whether utilizing a slow charging socket or a fast charging station, each method requires a specific type of connection.
Criteria to Consider When Choosing the Cable Size for an Electric Car Charging Station
When installing a home charging station, it is important to consider the connection to your electrical panel and select the correct cable size. This will ensure that your electric car can charge efficiently and safely. Follow the steps and criteria outlined below to make an informed decision.
Comply with Your Country’s Official Standards
The initial phase involves verifying that the installation adheres to the current electrical standards, specifically the applicable standard in your region. This standard outlines the necessary safety measures and technical requirements for electrical installations. Adhering to this standard is crucial in order to prevent potential hazards such as fires or malfunctions in the installation.
Charging Station Power
The power of the charging station plays a vital role in determining the appropriate cable size. Higher power stations require larger cable sizes to accommodate the electrical current. For instance, a 3.7 kW (16 A) station necessitates a 2.5 mm² cable, while a 7.4 kW (32 A) station requires a 10 mm² cable. In the case of even higher power stations, like a 22 kW (32 A in three-phase), a 16 mm² cable may be required.
Distance Between Your Electrical Panel and the Charging Station
The length of the cable needed for the charging station is also affected by the distance between the electrical panel and the charging station. A longer distance requires a larger cable size in order to counteract voltage drop. Voltage drop is the power loss that occurs when current travels through a lengthy cable. Using an inadequate cable size for the charging station can lead to ineffective and potentially dangerous charging.
Choice of Number of Conductors
The number of conductors needed for a cable varies depending on the type of electrical installation. For single-phase current, three conductors are necessary (phase, neutral, and ground), while three-phase current requires five conductors (three phases, neutral, and ground). These conductors are grouped within one cable, which is made up of multiple metal strands. The decision between single-phase and three-phase is determined by the domestic electrical installation and the charging station.
How to Choose the Right Cable Size for the Charging Station?
When considering the installation of a home charging station, it is important to address the connection to your electrical panel. To ensure a safe and compliant installation, it is recommended to seek advice from a qualified expert. A professional can evaluate your current electrical setup, determine the appropriate cable size for the station based on its power and distance, and ensure that all relevant electrical standards are met.
Cable Sizes for the Charging Station and Number of Conductors
Electrical cables come in various sizes, measured in mm². The amount of conductors needed depends on the number of phases used, such as 3 for single-phase current or 5 for three-phase current. These conductors are combined to create a single cable made of multiple metal strands.
Please refer to this table for guidance on choosing the appropriate cable size according to the charging station’s power rating. It is crucial to consult your electrical installation’s specific requirements and follow all local regulations.
What cable size for connecting your car to its charging point?
To properly charge your electric car, it is important to use the correct type of cable for the specific socket and charging station being utilized. Various cables are available for this purpose, each serving a different purpose depending on the location and station. Here is a breakdown of the different cable options and their corresponding functions:
At home
For home charging on a standard or reinforced socket, the standard domestic charging cable is used. This cable, also known as a mode 2 cable, plugs into a standard or reinforced domestic socket and includes a control box that regulates the charging power to ensure safe charging. It is ideal for slow charging and is sufficient for daily needs when the car is parked for several hours, such as overnight.
At a fast charging station equipped with the Combo CCS connector
The Combo CCS (Combined Charging System) connector is commonly used for ultra-fast charging at charging stations, particularly those located on highways or at dedicated charging stations. Unlike domestic charging cables and Type 2 cables, fast charging stations usually come with their own cable. This integrated cable significantly reduces charging time by allowing the car to be charged at much higher power. Simply plug it into your car to start charging.
At a charging station and at public charging points
A Type 2 charging cable (mode 3) is necessary for fast and secure charging at home or in public spaces using charging stations or public charging points. This type of cable is specifically designed for efficient charging and has become the industry standard in Europe. It offers a higher charging capacity than traditional domestic sockets, making it suitable for both residential charging stations and public charging infrastructure.